Isolation and Counting of Bacteria from Agricultural and Non-Agricultural Soils and the Study of Environmental Factors of the Soil

Abstract

The current study aimed to find out the effect of some physical and chemical properties on the biological diversity of bacteria in agricultural and non-agricultural soils, five regions were selected at the University of Baghdad, Al-Jadriyah Complex (College of Agriculture, College of Science for Girls, College of Mixed Science, College of Engineering, College of Veterinary Medicine) during December in winter 2019 to see which areas are more diverse with bacteria, the results of the current study indicated that the values of physical and chemical factors ranged between 7.50 - 7.85 pH and 400 - 1740 microsimens / cm for electrical conductivity and for salinity 0.36 - 1.4%, while the values of nitrate ranged between 196 - 2288 mg / l and phosphate between 0.15 - 5.63 mg / l and calcium ranged between 1.62 - 3.54 mg / l. Magnesium between 0.45 - 1.09 mg / l and sulfate 50 - 11182 mg / l and chloride 2407 - 1133 mg / l and iron 0.18% - 0.48%. Aluminum 0.06% - 0.13%, copper 11.0 - 33.0 mg/L, Nickel 6.1 - 17.8 mg/L, Lead 9.2 - 70.0 mg/L, Cadmium 0.16 - 0.66 mg/L. as for the soil, the percentage of sand ranged between 2.67% - 24.89% and silt ranged between 7.86% - 44.11% and clay values ranged between 11.74% - 12.85%, the soils were classified according to the type of particles that make up them, and the number of types of bacteria diagnosed in the current study was 35 isolates, the genus Sphingomonas paucimobilis was predominant, amounting to 12 species, by 34.29% of the total number of species, then the genus Staphylococcus, which amounted to 4 species, by 11.43%, then the genus pasteurella, it reached 3 species (8.57%), then the genus Pantoeaspp, Aeromonas veronil, serratia Rubidaea and E.Coli (2 species) with a rate of 5.71%, then the genus Psuedomonas fluorescence (3.5%) and 8 unidentified species, the genus Sphingomonas paucimobilis recorded dominance in all study areas except the College of Mixed Science Agricultural soil, the College of Agricultural Soil Engineering and the College of Veterinary Medicine Non-agricultural soils.