Advanced Immunological and Physiological Analysis of Behçet's Disease Patients: A Modern Diagnostic Approach and its Role in Predicting Disease Progression in Salah Al-Din

Abstract

Behçet's disease (BD) is a chronic multisystem inflammatory disorder characterized by recurrent mucocutaneous ulcerations, ocular involvement, and systemic vasculitis. The disease remains challenging to diagnose early due to its heterogeneous manifestations and lack of specific laboratory markers. This study aims to evaluate the utility of advanced immunological and physiological analysis in diagnosing BD and predicting disease progression among patients in Salah Al-Din. Immunological profiling, including cytokine analysis and T-cell subset characterization, was performed alongside physiological assessments such as Doppler ultrasound, MRI, and vascular imaging. Results indicate that elevated levels of IL-6, IL-17, and TNF-α correlate with increased disease severity. Additionally, Doppler ultrasound revealed increased venous wall thickness in BD patients with vascular complications, suggesting its potential as a predictive marker for thrombotic events. These findings underscore the importance of integrating immunological and physiological biomarkers in the diagnostic and prognostic evaluation of BD, thereby improving patient outcomes through early intervention and tailored therapeutic strategies.