MODERN INTERPRETATION OF KIDNEY FUNCTION IN THE EARLY NEONATAL PERIOD WITH CHRONIC PYELONEPHRITIS IN THE MOTHER

Abstract

It is known that the formation of organs and systems of the fetus, the adaptive abilities of the child in the early neonatal period and the characteristics of its postnatal development are largely determined by the conditions of its intrauterine development [ 9,4 ] . Among full-term newborns born sick and sick in the first days of life, 50% of children are morphofunctionally immature [ 4 ] , which creates the basis for disintegration in newborns and the formation of pathology in the future [7,8,1] , i.e. has remote consequences. Thus, a third of children with intrauterine hypotrophy in the postnatal period lag behind in somatic and psychomotor development [ 9 ] ; most children suffered asphyxia and birth trauma of the central nervous system in the perinatal period. At the age of 3-6 years, kidney pathology is detected; every 5th child from mothers with gestosis has physical and psychomotor developmental disorders, and high morbidity in infancy.

The basis of the disorders causing gestosis is the occurrence of generalized vascular spasm, which causes a disruption of the blood supply to tissues and organs. Vascular spasm causes an increase in arterial pressure, a decrease in the total volume of blood circulating in the vascular bed. These mechanisms of gestosis development lead to a disruption of the nutrition and normal functioning of cells and tissues. Damage to the inner lining of blood vessels - the endothelium - causes an increase in the permeability of the vascular wall and fluid exudation into the tissues, a change in the fluidity, viscosity and coagulability of the blood, a tendency to thrombosis in the vascular bed. The cells of the brain, kidneys, liver and placenta have the greatest sensitivity to insufficient blood supply and oxygen starvation.

Characteristic complications of gestosis are premature detachment of a normally located placenta, placental insufficiency leading to delayed development, hypoxia and fetal malnutrition .