Modern solutions to the pharmacoepidemiological basis of the use of antibacterial drugs for community-acquired pneumonia in children of different ages

Abstract

At present, one of the most urgent problems of modern medicine is the rational use of antimicrobial drugs (AMP). Interest in this problem is associated with a number of important circumstances. First, antibiotics are one of the most frequently prescribed drugs both in outpatient practice [1] and in hospitals [2], often irrationally and without appropriate indications. Second, antibiotic therapy is an expensive treatment, accounting for 50% of hospital costs [3] and leading to outpatient costs for infectious diseases. In addition, over time, the use of antibacterial drugs is accompanied by a decrease in their activity due to the development of resistance of microorganisms to them. Accordingly, the term "rational antibacterial therapy" for various infectious diseases is understood as achieving the predicted treatment result with the lowest economic costs and the lowest risk of selecting resistant strains of microorganisms [4]. Today, the guidelines and principles of antibacterial therapy are clearly described in the pages of many international and local recommendations for the treatment of patients with respiratory tract infections (RTI) [5-8]. However, the availability of the most up-to-date recommendations does not guarantee their practical use, and mistakes related to an irrational approach to the use of antibiotics in IDPs are often encountered in daily practice. It should be noted that errors in antibacterial therapy of IDPs have the largest share of all treatment errors made in pulmonology practice. At the same time, the incorrect prescription of antibiotics has a decisive effect on the outcome of the disease, the economic component of treatment, and leads to the selection of antibiotic-resistant strains of pathogens [9,10].