Bacteriological and Physiological Assessment of Porphyromonas gingivalis in Patients with Hypertensio

Abstract

Hypertension is a multifactorial cardiovascular disorder that is gaining association with chronic inflammation and microbial influence, over and above the risk profile of hypertension. Among oral pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis has received increasing attention due to its role in periodontal dysbiosis as well as its potential systemic effects of chromosomes on endothelial function and inflammation as well as metabolic disturbance. The present study was prepared and performed a bacterium physiological evaluation of P. gingivalis in hypertensive patients and also its association with certain physiological parameters related to cardiovascular. This analytical case-control study consisted of 75 adults divided into two groups, 50 hypertensive patients and 25 participant groups (normotensive). Demographic and physiological variables were recorded, age, sex, body mass index, total cholesterol, and triglycerides. The blood pressure was measured using standard clinical procedures. Subgingival plaque samples were taken and analyzed for the presence of P. gingivalis by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Statistical analysis was done to assess the difference between the groups and to assess the correlation between bacteriological positivity and physiological parameters. The results revealed that hypertension was more common among the older subjects and was significantly related to high body mass index. Obesity was significantly more common in the hypertensive than in the normotensive controls. Although abnormally elevated cholesterol and triglycerides levels were more common in hypertensive patients, these differences were not statistically significant in the current sample. The bacteriological evaluation showed significantly higher frequency of positive presence of P. gingivalis in hypertensive patients than control. Within the hypertensive group, P. gingivalis positivity was more common in patients with obesity, total cholesterol and triglycerides. In addition, hypertensive patients positive for P. gingivalis showed greater mean systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, total cholesterol and triglyceride values compared with Bacteriologically negative patients. the present findings were consistent with an association between the detection of P. gingivalis and an unfavorable physiologic profile in hypertensive patients. The co-existence of hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia, and periodontal pathogens burden implies a biologically plausible interaction between the oral and systemic systems possible to pathogenesis to the expression of the cardiovascular risk. These findings give support for the need of larger studies integrating bacteriological, periodontal, inflammatory and vascular assessments to elucidate the clinical significance of this relationship.